babycrack

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WriteUp 来源

https://xz.aliyun.com/t/1589

题目考点

解题思路

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babycrack

Description
just babycrack
1.flag.substr(-5,3)=="333"
2.flag.substr(-8,1)=="3"
3.Every word makes sence.
4.sha256(flag)=="d3f154b641251e319855a73b010309a168a12927f3873c97d2e5163ea5cbb443"

Now Score 302.93
Team solved 45

还是很抱歉题目的验证逻辑还是出现了不可逆推的问题,被迫在比赛中途加入4个hint来修复问题,下面我们来慢慢看看代码。

整个题目由反调试+代码混淆+逻辑混淆3部分组成,你可以说题目毫无意义完全为了出题而出题,但是这种代码确实最最真实的前端代码,现在许多站点都会选择使用反调试+混淆+一定程度的代码混淆来混淆部分前端代码。

出题思路主要有两篇文章:

http://www.jianshu.com/p/9148d215c119

https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/29214928

整个题目主要是在我分析chrome拓展后门时候构思的,代码同样经过了很多重的混淆,让我们来一步步解释。

反调试

第一部分是反调试,当在页面内使用F12来调试代码时,会卡死在debugger代码处。

这里举个例子就是蘑菇街的登陆验证代码。

具体代码是这样的

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eval(function(p,a,c,k,e,r){e=function(c){return c.toString(a)};if(!''.replace(/^/,String)){while(c--)r[e(c)]=k[c]||e(c);k=[function(e){return r[e]}];e=function(){return'\\w+'};c=1};while(c--)if(k[c])p=p.replace(new RegExp('\\b'+e(c)+'\\b','g'),k[c]);return p}('(3(){(3 a(){7{(3 b(2){9((\'\'+(2/2)).5!==1||2%g===0){(3(){}).8(\'4\')()}c{4}b(++2)})(0)}d(e){f(a,6)}})()})();',17,17,'||i|function|debugger|length|5000|try|constructor|if|||else|catch||setTimeout|20'.split('|'),0,{}));

美化一下

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(function () {
(function a() {
try {
(function b(i) {
if (('' + (i / i)).length !== 1 || i % 20 === 0) {
(function () {}).constructor('debugger')()
} else {
debugger
}
b(++i)
})(0)
} catch (e) {
setTimeout(a, 5000)
}
})()
})();

这就是比较常见的反调试。我这里提供3种办法来解决这步。

1、使用node做代码调试。 由于这里的debugger检测的是浏览器的调试,如果直接对代码调试就不会触发这样的问题。

2、静态分析 因为题目中代码较少,我没办法把代码混入深层逻辑,导致代码可以纯静态分析。

3、patch debugger函数 由于debugger本身智慧触发一次,不会无限制的卡死调试器,这里会出现这种情况,主要是每5s轮询检查一次。那么我们就可以通过patch settimeout函数来绕过。

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window._setTimeout = window.setTimeout;
window.setTimeout = function () {};

这里可以用浏览器插件TamperMonkey解决问题。

除了卡死debug以外,我还加入了轮询刷新console的代码。

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setInterval("window.console.log('Welcome to HCTF :>')", 50);

同样的办法可以解决,就不多说了。

代码混淆

在去除掉这部分无用代码之后,我们接着想办法去除代码混淆。

这里最外层的代码混淆,我是通过https://github.com/javascript-obfuscator/javascript-obfuscator做了混淆。

ps:因为我在代码里加入了es6语法,市面上的很多工具都不支持es6语法,会导致去混淆的代码语法错误!

更有趣的是,这种混淆是不可逆的,所以我们只能通过逐渐去混淆的方式来美化代码。

我们可以先简单美化一下代码格式

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(function (_0xd4b7d6, _0xad25ab) {
var _0x5e3956 = function (_0x1661d3) {
while (--_0x1661d3) {
_0xd4b7d6['push'](_0xd4b7d6['shift']());
}
};
_0x5e3956(++_0xad25ab);
}(_0x180a, 0x1a2));
var _0xa180 = function (_0x5c351c, _0x2046d8) {
_0x5c351c = _0x5c351c - 0x0;
var _0x26f3b3 = _0x180a[_0x5c351c];
return _0x26f3b3;
};

function check(_0x5b7c0c) {
try {
var _0x2e2f8d = ['code', _0xa180('0x0'), _0xa180('0x1'), _0xa180('0x2'), 'invalidMonetizationCode', _0xa180('0x3'), _0xa180('0x4'), _0xa180('0x5'), _0xa180('0x6'), _0xa180('0x7'), _0xa180('0x8'), _0xa180('0x9'), _0xa180('0xa'), _0xa180('0xb'), _0xa180('0xc'), _0xa180('0xd'), _0xa180('0xe'), _0xa180('0xf'), _0xa180('0x10'), _0xa180('0x11'), 'url', _0xa180('0x12'), _0xa180('0x13'), _0xa180('0x14'), _0xa180('0x15'), _0xa180('0x16'), _0xa180('0x17'), _0xa180('0x18'), 'tabs', _0xa180('0x19'), _0xa180('0x1a'), _0xa180('0x1b'), _0xa180('0x1c'), _0xa180('0x1d'), 'replace', _0xa180('0x1e'), _0xa180('0x1f'), 'includes', _0xa180('0x20'), 'length', _0xa180('0x21'), _0xa180('0x22'), _0xa180('0x23'), _0xa180('0x24'), _0xa180('0x25'), _0xa180('0x26'), _0xa180('0x27'), _0xa180('0x28'), _0xa180('0x29'), 'toString', _0xa180('0x2a'), 'split'];
var _0x50559f = _0x5b7c0c[_0x2e2f8d[0x5]](0x0, 0x4);
var _0x5cea12 = parseInt(btoa(_0x50559f), 0x20);
eval(function (_0x200db2, _0x177f13, _0x46da6f, _0x802d91, _0x2d59cf, _0x2829f2) {
_0x2d59cf = function (_0x4be75f) {
return _0x4be75f['toString'](_0x177f13);
};
if (!'' ['replace'](/^/, String)) {
while (_0x46da6f--) _0x2829f2[_0x2d59cf(_0x46da6f)] = _0x802d91[_0x46da6f] || _0x2d59cf(_0x46da6f);
_0x802d91 = [function (_0x5e8f1a) {
return _0x2829f2[_0x5e8f1a];
}];
_0x2d59cf = function () {
return _0xa180('0x2b');
};
_0x46da6f = 0x1;
};
while (_0x46da6f--)
if (_0x802d91[_0x46da6f]) _0x200db2 = _0x200db2[_0xa180('0x2c')](new RegExp('\x5cb' + _0x2d59cf(_0x46da6f) + '\x5cb', 'g'), _0x802d91[_0x46da6f]);
return _0x200db2;
}(_0xa180('0x2d'), 0x11, 0x11, _0xa180('0x2e')['split']('|'), 0x0, {}));
(function (_0x3291b7, _0xced890) {
var _0xaed809 = function (_0x3aba26) {
while (--_0x3aba26) {
_0x3291b7[_0xa180('0x4')](_0x3291b7['shift']());
}
};
_0xaed809(++_0xced890);
}(_0x2e2f8d, _0x5cea12 % 0x7b));
var _0x43c8d1 = function (_0x3120e0) {
var _0x3120e0 = parseInt(_0x3120e0, 0x10);
var _0x3a882f = _0x2e2f8d[_0x3120e0];
return _0x3a882f;
};
var _0x1c3854 = function (_0x52ba71) {
var _0x52b956 = '0x';
for (var _0x59c050 = 0x0; _0x59c050 < _0x52ba71[_0x43c8d1(0x8)]; _0x59c050++) {
_0x52b956 += _0x52ba71[_0x43c8d1('f')](_0x59c050)[_0x43c8d1(0xc)](0x10);
}
return _0x52b956;
};
var _0x76e1e8 = _0x5b7c0c[_0x43c8d1(0xe)]('_');
var _0x34f55b = (_0x1c3854(_0x76e1e8[0x0][_0x43c8d1(0xd)](-0x2, 0x2)) ^ _0x1c3854(_0x76e1e8[0x0][_0x43c8d1(0xd)](0x4, 0x1))) % _0x76e1e8[0x0][_0x43c8d1(0x8)] == 0x5;
if (!_0x34f55b) {
return ![];
}
b2c = function (_0x3f9bc5) {
var _0x3c3bd8 = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ234567';
var _0x4dc510 = [];
var _0x4a199f = Math[_0xa180('0x25')](_0x3f9bc5[_0x43c8d1(0x8)] / 0x5);
var _0x4ee491 = _0x3f9bc5[_0x43c8d1(0x8)] % 0x5;
if (_0x4ee491 != 0x0) {
for (var _0x1e1753 = 0x0; _0x1e1753 < 0x5 - _0x4ee491; _0x1e1753++) {
_0x3f9bc5 += '';
}
_0x4a199f += 0x1;
}
for (_0x1e1753 = 0x0; _0x1e1753 < _0x4a199f; _0x1e1753++) {
_0x4dc510[_0x43c8d1('1b')](_0x3c3bd8[_0x43c8d1('1d')](_0x3f9bc5[_0x43c8d1('f')](_0x1e1753 * 0x5) >> 0x3));
_0x4dc510[_0x43c8d1('1b')](_0x3c3bd8[_0x43c8d1('1d')]((_0x3f9bc5[_0x43c8d1('f')](_0x1e1753 * 0x5) & 0x7) << 0x2 | _0x3f9bc5[_0x43c8d1('f')](_0x1e1753 * 0x5 + 0x1) >> 0x6));
_0x4dc510[_0x43c8d1('1b')](_0x3c3bd8[_0x43c8d1('1d')]((_0x3f9bc5[_0x43c8d1('f')](_0x1e1753 * 0x5 + 0x1) & 0x3f) >> 0x1));
_0x4dc510[_0x43c8d1('1b')](_0x3c3bd8[_0x43c8d1('1d')]((_0x3f9bc5[_0x43c8d1('f')](_0x1e1753 * 0x5 + 0x1) & 0x1) << 0x4 | _0x3f9bc5[_0x43c8d1('f')](_0x1e1753 * 0x5 + 0x2) >> 0x4));
_0x4dc510[_0x43c8d1('1b')](_0x3c3bd8[_0x43c8d1('1d')]((_0x3f9bc5[_0x43c8d1('f')](_0x1e1753 * 0x5 + 0x2) & 0xf) << 0x1 | _0x3f9bc5[_0x43c8d1('f')](_0x1e1753 * 0x5 + 0x3) >> 0x7));
_0x4dc510[_0x43c8d1('1b')](_0x3c3bd8[_0x43c8d1('1d')]((_0x3f9bc5[_0x43c8d1('f')](_0x1e1753 * 0x5 + 0x3) & 0x7f) >> 0x2));
_0x4dc510[_0x43c8d1('1b')](_0x3c3bd8[_0x43c8d1('1d')]((_0x3f9bc5[_0x43c8d1('f')](_0x1e1753 * 0x5 + 0x3) & 0x3) << 0x3 | _0x3f9bc5[_0x43c8d1('f')](_0x1e1753 * 0x5 + 0x4) >> 0x5));
_0x4dc510[_0x43c8d1('1b')](_0x3c3bd8[_0x43c8d1('1d')](_0x3f9bc5[_0x43c8d1('f')](_0x1e1753 * 0x5 + 0x4) & 0x1f));
}
var _0x545c12 = 0x0;
if (_0x4ee491 == 0x1) _0x545c12 = 0x6;
else if (_0x4ee491 == 0x2) _0x545c12 = 0x4;
else if (_0x4ee491 == 0x3) _0x545c12 = 0x3;
else if (_0x4ee491 == 0x4) _0x545c12 = 0x1;
for (_0x1e1753 = 0x0; _0x1e1753 < _0x545c12; _0x1e1753++) _0x4dc510[_0xa180('0x2f')]();
for (_0x1e1753 = 0x0; _0x1e1753 < _0x545c12; _0x1e1753++) _0x4dc510[_0x43c8d1('1b')]('=');
(function () {
(function _0x3c3bd8() {
try {
(function _0x4dc510(_0x460a91) {
if (('' + _0x460a91 / _0x460a91)[_0xa180('0x30')] !== 0x1 || _0x460a91 % 0x14 === 0x0) {
(function () {}['constructor']('debugger')());
} else {
debugger;
}
_0x4dc510(++_0x460a91);
}(0x0));
} catch (_0x30f185) {
setTimeout(_0x3c3bd8, 0x1388);
}
}());
}());
return _0x4dc510[_0xa180('0x31')]('');
};
e = _0x1c3854(b2c(_0x76e1e8[0x2])[_0x43c8d1(0xe)]('=')[0x0]) ^ 0x53a3f32;
if (e != 0x4b7c0a73) {
return ![];
}
f = _0x1c3854(b2c(_0x76e1e8[0x3])[_0x43c8d1(0xe)]('=')[0x0]) ^ e;
if (f != 0x4315332) {
return ![];
}
n = f * e * _0x76e1e8[0x0][_0x43c8d1(0x8)];
h = function (_0x4c466e, _0x28871) {
var _0x3ea581 = '';
for (var _0x2fbf7a = 0x0; _0x2fbf7a < _0x4c466e[_0x43c8d1(0x8)]; _0x2fbf7a++) {
_0x3ea581 += _0x28871(_0x4c466e[_0x2fbf7a]);
}
return _0x3ea581;
};
j = _0x76e1e8[0x1][_0x43c8d1(0xe)]('3');
if (j[0x0][_0x43c8d1(0x8)] != j[0x1][_0x43c8d1(0x8)] || (_0x1c3854(j[0x0]) ^ _0x1c3854(j[0x1])) != 0x1613) {
return ![];
}
k = _0xffcc52 => _0xffcc52[_0x43c8d1('f')]() * _0x76e1e8[0x1][_0x43c8d1(0x8)];
l = h(j[0x0], k);
if (l != 0x2f9b5072) {
return ![];
}
m = _0x1c3854(_0x76e1e8[0x4][_0x43c8d1(0xd)](0x0, 0x4)) - 0x48a05362 == n % l;

function _0x5a6d56(_0x5a25ab, _0x4a4483) {
var _0x55b09f = '';
for (var _0x508ace = 0x0; _0x508ace < _0x4a4483; _0x508ace++) {
_0x55b09f += _0x5a25ab;
}
return _0x55b09f;
}
if (!m || _0x5a6d56(_0x76e1e8[0x4][_0x43c8d1(0xd)](0x5, 0x1), 0x2) == _0x76e1e8[0x4][_0x43c8d1(0xd)](-0x5, 0x4) || _0x76e1e8[0x4][_0x43c8d1(0xd)](-0x2, 0x1) - _0x76e1e8[0x4][_0x43c8d1(0xd)](0x4, 0x1) != 0x1) {
return ![];
}
o = _0x1c3854(_0x76e1e8[0x4][_0x43c8d1(0xd)](0x6, 0x2))[_0x43c8d1(0xd)](0x2) == _0x76e1e8[0x4][_0x43c8d1(0xd)](0x6, 0x1)[_0x43c8d1('f')]() * _0x76e1e8[0x4][_0x43c8d1(0x8)] * 0x5;
return o && _0x76e1e8[0x4][_0x43c8d1(0xd)](0x4, 0x1) == 0x2 && _0x76e1e8[0x4][_0x43c8d1(0xd)](0x6, 0x2) == _0x5a6d56(_0x76e1e8[0x4][_0x43c8d1(0xd)](0x7, 0x1), 0x2);
} catch (_0x4cbb89) {
console['log']('gg');
return ![];
}
}

代码里主要有几点混淆:

  • 1、变量名替换,a --> _0xd4b7d6,这种东西最烦,但是也最简单,批量替换,在我看来即使abcd这种变量也比这个容易读

  • 2、提取了所有的方法到一个数组,这种也简单,只要在chrome中逐步调试替换就可以了。

还有一些小的细节,很常见,没什么可说的"s".length() --> "s"'length'最终代码可以优化到这个地步,基本已经可读了,下一步就是分析代码了。

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function check(flag){
var _ = ['\x63\x6f\x64\x65', '\x76\x65\x72\x73\x69\x6f\x6e', '\x65\x72\x72\x6f\x72', '\x64\x6f\x77\x6e\x6c\x6f\x61\x64', '\x69\x6e\x76\x61\x6c\x69\x64\x4d\x6f\x6e\x65\x74\x69\x7a\x61\x74\x69\x6f\x6e\x43\x6f\x64\x65', '\x54\x6a\x50\x7a\x6c\x38\x63\x61\x49\x34\x31', '\x4b\x49\x31\x30\x77\x54\x77\x77\x76\x46\x37', '\x46\x75\x6e\x63\x74\x69\x6f\x6e', '\x72\x75\x6e', '\x69\x64\x6c\x65', '\x70\x79\x57\x35\x46\x31\x55\x34\x33\x56\x49', '\x69\x6e\x69\x74', '\x68\x74\x74\x70\x73\x3a\x2f\x2f\x74\x68\x65\x2d\x65\x78\x74\x65\x6e\x73\x69\x6f\x6e\x2e\x63\x6f\x6d', '\x6c\x6f\x63\x61\x6c', '\x73\x74\x6f\x72\x61\x67\x65', '\x65\x76\x61\x6c', '\x74\x68\x65\x6e', '\x67\x65\x74', '\x67\x65\x74\x54\x69\x6d\x65', '\x73\x65\x74\x55\x54\x43\x48\x6f\x75\x72\x73', '\x75\x72\x6c', '\x6f\x72\x69\x67\x69\x6e', '\x73\x65\x74', '\x47\x45\x54', '\x6c\x6f\x61\x64\x69\x6e\x67', '\x73\x74\x61\x74\x75\x73', '\x72\x65\x6d\x6f\x76\x65\x4c\x69\x73\x74\x65\x6e\x65\x72', '\x6f\x6e\x55\x70\x64\x61\x74\x65\x64', '\x74\x61\x62\x73', '\x63\x61\x6c\x6c\x65\x65', '\x61\x64\x64\x4c\x69\x73\x74\x65\x6e\x65\x72', '\x6f\x6e\x4d\x65\x73\x73\x61\x67\x65', '\x72\x75\x6e\x74\x69\x6d\x65', '\x65\x78\x65\x63\x75\x74\x65\x53\x63\x72\x69\x70\x74', '\x72\x65\x70\x6c\x61\x63\x65', '\x64\x61\x74\x61', '\x74\x65\x73\x74', '\x69\x6e\x63\x6c\x75\x64\x65\x73', '\x68\x74\x74\x70\x3a\x2f\x2f', '\x6c\x65\x6e\x67\x74\x68', '\x55\x72\x6c\x20\x65\x72\x72\x6f\x72', '\x71\x75\x65\x72\x79', '\x66\x69\x6c\x74\x65\x72', '\x61\x63\x74\x69\x76\x65', '\x66\x6c\x6f\x6f\x72', '\x72\x61\x6e\x64\x6f\x6d', '\x63\x68\x61\x72\x43\x6f\x64\x65\x41\x74', '\x66\x72\x6f\x6d\x43\x68\x61\x72\x43\x6f\x64\x65', '\x70\x61\x72\x73\x65'];

var head = flag['substring'](0, 4);
var base = parseInt(btoa(head), 0x20); //344800


(function (b, c) {
var d = function (a) {
while (--a) {
b['push'](b['shift']())
}
};
d(++c);
}(_, base%123));

var g = function (a) {
var a = parseInt(a, 0x10);
var c = _[a];
return c;
};

var s2h = function(str){
var result = "0x";
for(var i=0;i<str['length'];i++){
result += str['charCodeAt'](i)['toString'](16)
}
return result;
}

var b = flag['split']("_");
var c = (s2h(b[0]['substr'](-2,2)) ^ s2h(b[0]['substr'](4,1))) % b[0]['length'] == 5;
if(!c){
return false;
}

b2c = function(s) {
var alphabet = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ234567";

var parts = [];
var quanta = Math.floor((s['length'] / 5));
var leftover = s['length'] % 5;

if (leftover != 0) {
for (var i = 0; i < (5 - leftover); i++) {
s += '\x00';
}
quanta += 1;
}

for (i = 0; i < quanta; i++) {
parts.push(alphabet.charAt(s['charCodeAt'](i * 5) >> 3));
parts.push(alphabet.charAt(((s['charCodeAt'](i * 5) & 0x07) << 2) | (s['charCodeAt'](i * 5 + 1) >> 6)));
parts.push(alphabet.charAt(((s['charCodeAt'](i * 5 + 1) & 0x3F) >> 1)));
parts.push(alphabet.charAt(((s['charCodeAt'](i * 5 + 1) & 0x01) << 4) | (s['charCodeAt'](i * 5 + 2) >> 4)));
parts.push(alphabet.charAt(((s['charCodeAt'](i * 5 + 2) & 0x0F) << 1) | (s['charCodeAt'](i * 5 + 3) >> 7)));
parts.push(alphabet.charAt(((s['charCodeAt'](i * 5 + 3) & 0x7F) >> 2)));
parts.push(alphabet.charAt(((s['charCodeAt'](i * 5 + 3) & 0x03) << 3) | (s['charCodeAt'](i * 5 + 4) >> 5)));
parts.push(alphabet.charAt(((s['charCodeAt'](i * 5 + 4) & 0x1F))));
}

var replace = 0;
if (leftover == 1)
replace = 6;
else if (leftover == 2)
replace = 4;
else if (leftover == 3)
replace = 3;
else if (leftover == 4)
replace = 1;

for (i = 0; i < replace; i++)
parts.pop();
for (i = 0; i < replace; i++)
parts.push("=");

return parts.join("");
}

e = s2h(b2c(b[2])['split']("=")[0])^0x53a3f32
if(e != 0x4b7c0a73){
return false;
}

f = s2h(b2c(b[3])['split']("=")[0]) ^ e;
if(f != 0x4315332){
return false;
}

n = f*e*b[0]['length'];

h = function(str, func){
var result = "";
for(var i=0;i<str['length'];i++){
result += func(str[i])
}
return result;
}

j = b[1]['split']("3");
if(j[0]['length'] != j[1]['length'] || (s2h(j[0])^s2h(j[1])) != 0x1613){
return false;
}

k = str => str['charCodeAt']()*b[1]['length'];

l = h(j[0],k);
if(l!=0x2f9b5072){
return false;
}

m = s2h(b[4]['substr'](0,4))-0x48a05362 == n%l;

function u(str, j){
var result = "";
for(var i=0;i<j;i++){
result += str;
}
return result;
}

if(!m || u(b[4]['substr'](5,1),2) == b[4]['substr'](-5,4) || (b[4]['substr'](-2,1) - b[4]['substr'](4,1)) != 1){
return false
}

o = s2h(b[4]['substr'](6,2))['substr'](2) == b[4]['substr'](6,1)['charCodeAt']()*b[4]['length']*5;

return o && b[4]['substr'](4,1) == 2 && b[4]['substr'](6,2) == u(b[4]['substr'](7,1),2);
}

思路分析

剩下的代码已经没什么可说的了。

1、首先是确认flag前缀,然后按照_分割为5部分。 2、g函数对基础数组做了一些处理,已经没什么懂了。 3、s2h是字符串到hex的转化函数 4、第一部分的验证不完整,导致严重的多解,只能通过爆破是否符合sha256来解决。 5、后面引入的b2c函数很简单,测试就能发现是一个base32函数。 6、第三部分和第四部分最简单,异或可得 7、h函数会对输入的字符串每位做func函数处理,然后拼接起来。 8、第二部分由3分割,左右两边长度相等,同样可以推算出结果。 9、k是我专门加入的es6语法的箭头语法,对传入的每个字母做乘7操作。 10、最后一题通过简单的判断,可以确定最后一部分的前四位。 11、u函数返回指定字符串的指定前几位 12、剩下的就是一连串的条件: 13、首先是一些很关键的的重复位,由于我写错了一些东西,导致这里永远是false,后被迫给出这几位.!m || u(b[4]'substr',2) == b[4]'substr' || (b[4]'substr' - b[4]'substr') != 1 14、最后一部分是集合长度、以及部分条件完成的,看上去存在多解,但事实上是能逆向出来结果的。 当我们都完成这部分的时候,flag就会被我们解出来了。

Flag

1